Hydroelectric Power Plant

Water is one of the compounds in this earth are so many benefits to our life on this earth. The water also has a tremendous power that can be used for electricity generation. There are two ways to change the water power into electric power, namely:

1. the water as a power plant.

Water power plant works by changing the potential energy (the waterfall) into mechanical energy (with the help of a water turbine) and from the
mechanical energy into electrical energy (with the help of generators).

Hydroelectric power plant capacity around the world there are about 675,000 MW, equivalent to 3.6 billion barrels of oil or equivalent to 24% of the world's electricity needs are used by over 1 billion people.

2. Water is converted into steam, and then on the properties of steam as a power plant so it is known as "Steam power plant". Using a device called a Boiler, water is converted into steam. Steam has a high pressure and temperature. Energy of vapor pressure is used to drive a steam turbine connected to an electrical generator, so the generated electrical power.

On this occasion we will discuss about the water as the Power Plant. Hydropower potentials obtained in the river that flows in mountainous areas. To be able to harness the potential of this river, then we need to stem the river and the water is channeled to the power system. Judging from how to stem the water, Hydroelectric Power Plant can be divided into two categories:

1. Hydroelectric Power Plant run off river

2. Hydroelectric Power Plant with reservoir

On Hydroelectric Power Plant run off river, the river water diverted by the dam that was built using the cut off the flow of the river. River water is then channeled to Hydroelectric Power Plant Systems.

On Hydroelectric Power Plant with reservoir, water dammed rivers with large dams in order to accumulation of water resulting in reservoir. Furthermore the water in the reservoir Power supplied to the system. With the accumulation of water in the reservoir first, then in the wet season in which the amount of river water flow exceeds the capacity of water distribution, water can be accommodated in a reservoir. In the dry season where the river water discharge is smaller than the water delivery capacity, the excess of water shortage can be overcome by taking water from existing water deposits in the reservoir. This benefits the use of the reservoir. This can not be done on a run off river power plant.

In the run-off river power plant, power can be generated depending on river discharge, but the run-off river power plant construction costs are cheaper than Power Plant with reservoir, because the reservoir require a large dam inundation areas, and also requires that wide.

If there is a river that flows out of a lake, it can be built "Hydroelectric Power" by using the lake as a reservoir.


How it Works Hydroelectric Power Plant

The basic components of a Hydroelectric Power Plant are : dam, turbine, generator and transmission.
Dam serves to accommodate large amounts of water because of the turbine requires adequate water supply and stable. In addition to the dam also serves for flood control.

Turbine serves to transform potential energy into mechanical energy. forces falling water that drives the turbine blades causes the spins. Water turbine Like most of wind turbine, by replacing the function of the wind to rotate the thrust propeller replaced the water to turn turbines. Rotation of the turbine is connected to the generator. Types of water turbines such as Francis turbines, Kaplan turbine, Pelton turbine, etc..

Generator is connected to the turbine shaft and gearbox with support. Utilizing the velocity of the turbine to rotate the magnet coils in the generator resulting in movement of the electrons that generate AC current.

Transformator used to raise the voltage of alternating current (AC) electricity that is not a lot of wasted time is passed through a transmission. Transformator used is transformator step up.

Useful to supply power transmission from power plant to the home - a home or industry. Before the electricity we use at the lower voltage step-down again with transformator.

That process of changing work force water into electrical power that a lot of benefits to human civilization.